What does 'fracas' typically refer to in a social context?

The term 'fracas' refers to a noisy and disorderly disturbance or argument, often involving a group of people. In a social context, it highlights an uproar that can occur during disagreements or conflicts, characterized by loud voices and possibly chaotic interactions. This aligns well with the notion of a loud argument since a fracas usually implies not just disagreement, but also a heightened emotional state leading to significant noise or commotion.

In contrast, the other options represent scenarios that lack the disruptive and loud qualities associated with a fracas. A peaceful discussion, a formal gathering, and a friendly conversation all imply calmness, structured dialogue, and amicable interactions, which are the antithesis of what a fracas represents. Therefore, the correct answer emphasizes the disruptive and confrontational nature of the term.