What is an encomium?

An encomium is defined as a formal expression of praise, often elaborately articulated and meant to honor someone or something. It is typically used in contexts such as speeches, literary works, or tributes where admiration is explicitly communicated, highlighting accomplishments, virtues, or contributions of the subject.

The other options do not fit this definition. A behavior lacking in moderation refers to excess or extreme actions, which is unrelated to the theme of praise. An act of cutting out suggests removal, which again does not align with the concept of commending someone. A stream of noxious particles describes pollutants and is completely different in meaning. Thus, the focus on commendable qualities and well-articulated praise solidly identifies option A as the correct choice.