Which action does hectoring commonly involve?

Hectoring refers to a behavior characterized by bullying or intimidating someone, often through harsh criticism or aggressive questioning. This action is typically associated with a dominating, often patronizing attitude aimed at belittling or undermining the other person's confidence. In this context, harassment fits perfectly with the meaning of hectoring, as it conveys a sense of persistent and unwelcome pressure or intimidation that can undermine the targeted individual's dignity or self-esteem.

The other options suggest positive or constructive interactions, such as supportive dialogue, problem-solving, or teaching. These actions involve collaboration, respect, and mutual understanding, which are contrary to the nature of hectoring. In conclusion, the action commonly involved with hectoring is indeed harassment, reflecting the aggressive and dominating tendencies inherent in such behavior.