Which of the following best describes "hubris"?

The term "hubris" specifically refers to an excess of pride or arrogance, particularly when it leads to one's downfall. It often conveys a sense of overconfidence where an individual overestimates their own capabilities, typically resulting in a disregard for others and an inability to recognize limitations. This characteristic is frequently found in literature, especially in tragedy, where a character's hubris leads to their eventual undoing.

In this context, the other options do not encapsulate the essence of hubris. Modest behavior and humility are in direct opposition to what hubris represents, as they both imply a lack of arrogance and an awareness of one's limitations. A balanced self-esteem suggests a healthy recognition of one’s strengths and weaknesses, which contrasts with the idea of hubris where one’s pride is inflated to an unmanageable level. Therefore, the most accurate depiction of "hubris" is overbearing pride or presumption, making that option the correct choice.