Which term refers to spotting, staining, or polluting something?

The correct term that refers to spotting, staining, or polluting something is "maculate." This word derives from the Latin "macula," meaning "spot" or "stain." When something is described as maculated, it implies that it has been marred or discolored in some way, either physically or metaphorically. This term is particularly useful in contexts where an element of purity or cleanliness is compromised.

In contrast, the other options do not convey the same meaning. "Officious" refers to someone who is assertive in offering services that are not wanted or required, particularly in an intrusive way. "Macerate" involves soaking something in a liquid to soften it or break it down, often relating to food or biological processes. "Lubricious," on the other hand, typically describes something that is slippery, often with a sexual connotation, and does not relate to staining or polluting.

Thus, "maculate" stands out as the most suitable choice for conveying the idea of spotting or polluting something.